The answer is B) upper and lower motor neurons. The disease does not classically effect sensory neurons. ALS is one of the few diseases that targets both upper and motor neurons and this fact is often useful in making the diagnosis. Inheritance of ALS is autosomal dominant. Riluzole, a glutamate blocker, if a FDA approved medication for ALS but is not curative and rather may increase survival in patients by several months.

Publication reference : Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Reference URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11386269